Vaporizer for internal-combustion engines



Nov. 2 1926. 1,605,214

I w. A. BRUSH 51 nuewcoz 3722121771 fl. Err/ 71 Patented Nov. 2, 1926.

WILLIAM A. BRUSH, 0F DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

VAPORIZER FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed May 21, 1923. Serial No. 640,600.

The invention relates to apparatus for the formation of homogeneouscmnbustible mixtures for internal combustion engines and consists incertain novel features of construction as hereinafter set forth.

One of the objects of my invention is to produce a vaporizer which willcollect liquid fuel falling out of suspension between the carbureter andthe engine cylinder and to vaporize the same without materially heatingthe gaseous mixture. Another object is to provide a construction whichdeflects the mixture towards the vaporizing means during the slow speedoperation of the engine but which is automatically operated at thehigher engine speeds to allow an unobstructed passage of t e mixture. I

To this end I have provided the intake manifold with an expandedchamber, the walls of which are provided with downwardlv sloping pocketsthat are heated by the hbt gases from the exhaustmanifold Within theexpanded chamber is placed a conical shaped deflector which is arrangedfor longitudinal movement through the chamber and is actuated by thegaseous stream passing therethrough. The deflector forms in effect withthe intake manifold a variable venturi directing the fuel mixturetowards the walls of the chamber where any unvaporized fuel is collectedin the pockets, heated and reintroduced into the gaseous stream. At thehigher engine speeds, how ever, the deflector is automatically actuatedby the flowing mixture allowing a larger opening for the passage'of thegases. In this manner the deflector regulates the amount of vaporizationtaking place, the maximum being at the lower engine speeds when the mostdifliculty is usually encountered in obtaining a homogenous mixture inthe engine cylinder. In the drawings Figure 1 is a sectional view of myimproved apparatus.

In detail, A represents an intake manifold of an internal combustionengine which is provided with an enlarged chamber B having a series ofdownwardly sloping annular pockets C in the walls thereof. D representsa jacket surrounding the annular chamber B through which the exhaustgases are conducted for heating the chamber.

E is a stem arranged centrally in the chamber B and sup ortedin thefixed bearing F which is pre erably in the form of a have spider memberG in the manifold. Slidably mounted upon the stem F is a conicalvdeflector H which normally rests upon a collar I at the bottom of'thestem F. The deflector H forms with the inlet conduit J a restrictedpassage K through which the fuel mixture passes and is deflected therebytowards the walls of the chamber B.

In the operation of the apparatus the mixture from the carbureter Lcarrying the liquid fuel in suspension is deflected by the conicaldeflector H towards the walls of the chamber B and is also expanded dueto the larger cross sectional area of the chamber. Any liquid fuelcontained in the mixture is, therefore, deposited upon the walls of thechamber and is collected in the pockets C where the heat from theexhaust gases vaporizes the liquid and reintroduces it in the gaseousstream.

' At the higher engine speeds, however, the

force of the gaseous current passing through the manifold will raise thedeflector H to the position shown in the dotted lines thereby increasingthe effective area between the de flector and the walls of the chamber.Consequently there is less restriction to the pas sage of the gases andless of the liquid fuel dro s out of the mixture.

T us with my improved construction I provided an apparatus for directingthe mixture towards the vaporizing means at the lower en ine speedswhile providing a free passage for the higher engine speeds therebyallowing full charge to be introduced into the engine cylinders. Verylittle heat is conducted to the gaseous stream for the fuel which isvaporized in the pockets C tends to cool the fins with the result thatthe volumetric efliciency of the engine is not impaired.

What I claimas my invention is 1. The combination of a fuel mixtureinduction conduit having an expanded chamber therein provided with aseries of downwardly sloping pockets, a movable member within saidchamber actuated by the gaseous stream passing therethrough to variablyrestrict the inlet passage to said chamber, and means for heating theliquid fuel collected in said pockets and reintroducing the vapor intothe gaseous stream.

2. The combination of a fuel mixture induction conduit having an exanded chamber therein, a deflector mova 1e longitudinally within saidconduit and cooperating therewith to variably restrict the passage ofthe fuel mixture, said deflector being actuated by the gaseous stream, aseries of annular pockets in the walls of said expanded chamber arrangedto collect and trap a portion of the liquid fuel falling out ofsuspension, and means for heating the trapped fuel to reintroduce thevapor into the main stream. f

3. Thecombination of a fuel mixture induction conduit, a conicaldeflector movable longitudinally Within said conduit and cooperatingtherewith to form a variable restriction to the passage corresponding tothe velocity of the gaseous stream therethrough,

and means in the path of the deflected stream for vaporizing the liquidfuel thrown out of suspension.

4.. The combination of a fuel mixture induction conduit, a conicaldeflector movable longitudinally within said conduit and cooperatingtherewith to variably restrict the passage of the fuel mixture, saiddeflector being actuated by the gaseous stream, means in the path of thedeflected stream for trapping the liquid fuel thrown out of suspensionand means for heating the trapped fuel to reintroduce the vapor into themain stream.

5. The combination of a fuel mixture indurtion conduit, a conicaldeflector movable longitudinally within said conduit and cooperatingtherewith to variably restrict the passage of the fuel mixture, saiddeflector being actuated by the gaseous stream, a series of pockets inthe walls of said con duit in the path of the deflected stream fortrapping the liquid fuel thrown out of suspension and means for heatingsaid pockets to vaporize the collected fuel Without appreciably heatingthe gaseous portion of the mixture.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

WILLIAM A. BRUSH.

